Technical Definition
Mobile-first indexing means Google predominantly uses the mobile version of content for indexing and ranking. Announced in 2016 and fully rolled out by 2023. Implications: mobile content must be equivalent to desktop, mobile page speed matters more, responsive design is preferred over separate mobile URLs. Check mobile rendering in Google Search Console.
Simple Explanation (ELI13)
Mobile-first indexing means Google looks at the mobile version of your website first when deciding how to rank you. If your mobile site is missing content that's on your desktop site, Google won't see it. This is why responsive design (same content, adapts to screen size) is better than having a separate mobile site.
Related Terms
Responsive Design, Mobile SEO, Googlebot, Page Experience
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